Passive voice is a grammatical construction (grammatical
form) where the subject in the sentence (sentence) or clause (clause) does not
take action, but rather accept the action or follow-up (receiver of action) by
the other agent (DOER of action) either mentioned or not.
Some ways to make passive sentences:
Sentences must have an object.
Laying the object becomes the subject of an active sentence
passive voice.
Laying the subject of an active sentence becomes the object
of the passive sentence.
Laid by before the object.
Using the verb (verb) The third form (V-3) as to be (is,
am, are, was, were, be, been, being)
Only the verbal phrase that can be used in the passive
voice.
Following her tense.
Function or description the same time in the passive voice
to active voice
1. SIMPLE PRESENT
Rumus :
Positif : Subjek + is/am/are + past
participle/V3
Negatif : Subjek + is/am/are + Not + Past
Participle
Question :
is/am/are + Subjek + Past Participle
Example :
Aktif
Pasif
They borrow the book. The book is
borrowed by them.
They don't borrow the book. The book is not
borrowed by them.
Do they borrow the book? Is the book
borrowed by them?
She repairs this blue car. This blue car is repaired by her.
She does not repair this blue car. This blue car is not
repaired by her.
Does she repair this blue car? Is the blue car repaired by her?
2. SIMPLE PAST
TENSE
Rumus :
( + ) S + Was/Were + V-3 + By + O
( - ) S + Was/Were +
Not + V-3 + By + O
( ? ) Was/Were + S + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif
Pasif
John bit Mary Mary was bitten by John
John didn’t bite Mary Mary
wasn’t bitten by John
Did John bite Mary? Was Mary
bitten by John?
What did John do? What
was done by John?
Who bit Mary?
Who was Mary bitten by?
Who did John bite? Who
was bitten by John?
3. PRESENT
CONTINUOUS TENSE
Rumus :
( + ) S + To Be ( is, am, are ) + Being + V-3 + By + O
( - ) S + To Be ( is,
am, are ) + Not + Being + V-3 + By + O
( ? ) To Be ( is, am, are ) + S + Being + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif Pasif
She is reading the English book. The book is being read by
her.
She is not reading the English book. The book is being read by her.
Is she reading the English book? The book is not being read by her.
They are sending the letters. The letters are being
sent by them.
They are not sending
the letters. The
letters are not being sent by them.
Are they sending the letters? Are the letters being
sent by them?
4. PAST
PROGETIVE/CONTINUOS
Rumus :
(+) S + be(was/were) + V1-ing/present participle
(-) S + be(was/were) + not + V1-ing/present participle
(?)be(was/were) + S + V1-ing/present participle?
Example :
Aktif
Pasif
John was biting Mary Mary was being bitten by John
John wasn’t biting Mary Mary wasn’t being bitten by John
Was John biting Mary?
Was Mary being bitten by John?
What was John doing?
What was being done by John?
Who was biting Mary? Who was Mary being bitten by?
Who was John biting? Who was being bitten by John?
5. PRESENT
PERFECT TENSE
Rumus :
( + ) S + Have/Has + Been + V-3 + By + O
( - ) S + Have/Has +
Not + Been + V-3 + By + O
( ? ) Have/Has + S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif
Pasif
John has bitten Mary Mary has been bitten by John
John hasn’t bitten Mary
Mary hasn’t been bitten by John
Has John bitten Mary? Has Mary been bitten by John?
What has John done? What
has been done by John?
Who has bitten Mary? Who has Mary been bitten by?
Who has John bitten? Who has been bitten by John?
6. PAST PERFECT
Rumus :
( + ) S + Had + Been + V-3 + By + O
( - ) S + Had + Not +
Been + V-3 + O
( ? ) Had + S + Been + V-3 + By + O ?
Example :
Aktif
Pasif
John had bitten Mary Mary had been bitten by John
John hadn’t bitten Mary
Mary hadn’t been bitten by John
Had John bitten Mary? Had Mary been bitten by John?
What had John done? What had been done by John?
Who had bitten Mary? Who had Mary been bitten by?
Who had John bitten? Who had been bitten by John?
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